Runor
L
A
D
D
A
R
§A : askil : sati : stin : þansi : ift[iʀ] ¶ : tuka : kurms : sun : saʀ : hulan : ¶ trutin : saʀ : flu : aigi : at : ub:¶:salum §B satu : trikaʀ : iftiʀ : sin : bruþr ¶ stin : o : biarki : stuþan : runum : þiʀ : §C (k)(u)(r)(m)(s) (:) (t)(u)(k)(a) : kiku : (n)(i)(s)(t)[iʀ]
§A Áskell setti stein þenna eptir Tóka Gorms son, sér hollan dróttin. Sá fló eigi at Uppsǫlum. §B Settu drengjar eptir sinn bróður stein á bjargi stœðan rúnum. Þeir §C Gorms Tóka gingu næstir.
§A Æskel satti sten þænsi æftiʀ Toka Gorms sun, seʀ hullan drottin. Saʀ flo ægi at Upsalum §B sattu drængiaʀ æftiʀ sin broþur sten a biargi støþan runum. Þeʀ §C Gorms Toka gingu næstiʀ.
”§A Áskell placed this stone in memory of Tóki Gormr's son, to him a faithful lord. He did not flee at Uppsala. §B Valiant men placed in memory of their brother the stone on the hill, steadied by runes. They §C went closest to Gormr's Tóki.”
”Eskil satte denna sten efter Toke, Gorms son, sin hulde herre. Han flydde icke vid Uppsala. Kämpar reste efter sin broder stenen på berget; den står fast med runor. De gick närmast Gorms son Toke.”
: oskautr : ristþi : stin : þansi (:) ¶ (:) (i)ftiʀ : airu : brþur : sin : ian : ¶ : saʀ : uas : him:þiki : tuka : nu : ¶ : skal : stato : stin : o : biarki :
Ásgautr reisti stein þenna eptir Erru, bróður sinn. En sá var heimþegi Tóka. Nú skal standa steinn á bjargi.
Asgotr resþi sten þænsi æftiʀ Ærru, broþur sin. Æn saʀ was hemþægi Toka. Nu skal standa sten a biargi.
”Ásgautr raised this stone in memory of Erra, his brother. And he was Tóki's retainer. Now the stone will stand on the hill.”
”Åsgöt reste denna sten efter Ärra, sin broder. Och han var Tokes hirdman. Nu skall stenen stå på berget.”
: osbiurn : him:þaki : tuka : sati : stin ¶ : þasi : iftiʀ : tuka : bruþur : sin :
Ásbjǫrn, heimþegi Tóka, setti stein þenna eptir Tóka, bróður sinn.
Æsbiorn, hemþægi Toka, satti sten þæssi æftiʀ Toka, broþur sin.
”Ásbjǫrn, Tóki's retainer, placed this stone in memory of Tóki, his brother.”
”Åsbjörn, Tokes hirdman, satte denna sten efter Toke, sin broder.”
þurkiʀ : raþi : stin : þan… ¶ (:) at : itinkil : faur : sin : kuþn : ¶ buta : as : liki/lik i/ : hu(k)(-)(-)
Þorgeirr reisti stein þenn[a] at Steinkel, fǫður sinn, góðan bónda, er lengi/liggr í/ …/haug[i].
Þorgiʀ resþi sten þænn[a] at Stenkel, faþur sin, goþan bonda, æs længi/liggʀ i/ …/haug[i].
”Þorgeirr raised this stone in memory of Steinkell, his father, a good husbandman, who long/lies in … / mound.”
”Torger reste denna sten efter Stenkil, sin fader, en god bonde, som länge… /ligger i högen.”
[pær krusis ok sihnum : fgiaþ : ¶ : prokul : omne : malihnum +]
Per crucis hoc signum fugiat procul omne malignum.
”With this sign of the cross will all evil flee far away.”
”Per crucis hoc signum fugiat procul omne malignum./Med detta korsets tecken må all ondska fly långt iväg.”
bri ⁓ tiæ ⁓ iærlæ ⁓ føl
… … … …
”…”
§A fuþorkhniastbmlʀ §B æfkar
§A <fuþorkhniastbmlʀ> §B Æfkar/Afkar.
§A <fuþorkhniastbmlʀ> §B Efkar/Afkar.
”§A <fuþorkhniastbmlʀ> §B Efkarr/Afkarr.”
”§A <fuþorkhniastbmlʀ> §B Efkar/Afkar.”
bin is þita bin is þt(o)
Ben æs þætta, ben æs þætta.
Bein er þetta, bein er þetta.
”This is bone, this is bone.”
”Ben är detta, ben är detta.”
arngun × (g)af (×) mær × kab
Arngun gaf mær kamb.
Arngunnr gaf mér kamb.
”Arngunnr gave me (the) comb.”
”Arngunn gav mig kammen.”
…nus
[Mag]nus(?).
[Mag]nús(?).
”Magnús(?).”
”Magnus(?).”
iatrink
Eadric(?).
”Eadric(?).”
§A pætær ⁓ gæd min §B -(r)no^n(i)nanm §C pæta^r
§A Pætær gæd min §B … §C Pætar.
§A Pétr gæt mín §B … §C Pétr.
”§A Pétr protect me. §B … §C Pétr.”
”§A Peter vakta mig. §B … §C Peter.”
tøfaɴa · skefniɢ
Tofa-Anna skæfning.
Tófa-Anna skefningr.
”Tófi's Anni(=Anni Tófisson)'s glove-needle.”
mæ(n)isi
…
”…”
[inuk(a)^(l)uþ(k)rs +]
…
”…”
…m…/…ʀ…
…
”…”
skuaraʀ : iki¶mar : afa ¶ (:) -on : m^n · krat · ¶ aallatti :
Sigvarar Ingimarr hafa [m]un minn/mín grát/grand …
Sigwaraʀ Ingimar hafa [m]an min grat/grand …
”Sigvǫr's Ingimarr will have my weeping/unhappiness/misfortune …”
”Sigvors Ingimar må få min gråt / olycka …”
skuaraʀ : iki¶mar : afa ¶ (:) -on : m^n·krat · ¶ aallatti :
Sigvarar Ingimarr hafa [m]un meingrát …
Sigwaraʀ Ingimar hafa [m]an mengrat …
”Sigvors Ingimar må få min mengråt …”
kot · help {ADAMS BØRN}
Got help {Adams børn}.
Guð hjalpi {Adams bǫrn}.
”God help {Adam's children}.”
”Gud hjälp Adams barn.”
got · help
Got help.
Guð hjalpi.
”God help.”
”Gud hjälp.”
§A + þu(r)[kisl ⁓ sun ⁓ i]sgis ⁓ biarnaʀ ⁓ sunaʀ ⁓ risþi ⁓ sti[no ⁓ þisi] ⁓ (u)(f)tiʀ ⁓ bruþr + §B + sino ⁓ baþa ⁓ ulaf ⁓ uk ⁓ utar ⁓ lanmitr ⁓ kuþa +
§A Þorgísl, sonr Ásgeirs Bjarnar sonar, reisti steina þessa eptir brœðr §B sína báða, Ólaf ok Óttar, landmennr góða.
§A Þorgisl, sun Æsgis Biarnaʀ sonaʀ, resþi stena þæssi æftiʀ brøþr §B sina baþa Olaf ok Ottar, landmænnr goþa.
”§A Þorgísl, son of Ásgeirr Bjǫrn's son, raised these stones in memory of both of his brothers, §B Ólafr and Óttarr, good landholders.”
”Torgisl,son till Äsger, Björns son, reste dessa stenar efter sina båda bröder, Olav och Ottar, goda landmän.”
tuki : let : kirkiu : kirua : auk : …
Tóki lét kirkju gera ok …
Toki let kirkiu gørwa ok …
”Tóki had the church made and …”
”Toke lät göra kyrkan och …”
: tufi : risþi : stin : þisi : iftʀ : umun : sin : fila…
Tófi reisti stein þenna eptir <umun>/Ómun, sinn féla[ga].
Tofi resþi sten þæssi æftiʀ <umun>/Umun, sin fela[ga].
”Tófi raised this stone in memory of <umun>/Ómunr, his partner.”
”Tove reste denna sten efter <umun>/Omun, sin kamrat.”
· tufa : risþi : stino : þisi : uftiʀ : kamal : buta : sin : uk : osur : ¶ : sun : hs :
Tófa reisti steina þessa eptir Gamal, bónda sinn, ok Ǫzur, son hans.
Tofa resþi stena þæssi æftiʀ Gamal, bonda sin, ok Azur, sun hans.
”Tófa raised these stones in memory of Gamall, her husbandman, and (so did) Ǫzurr, his son.”
”Tova reste dessa stenar efter Gammal, sin make, och Assur hans son.”
brant(r) [: karþi : kubl : þusi : uftir : k]uba : faþur ¶ sin : [auk : ifi : filaki : (i)ku]ba :
Brandr gerði kuml þessi eptir Gubba, fǫður sinn, ok Efi, félagi Gubba.
Brandr gærþi kumbl þøsi æftiʀ Gubba, faþur sin, ok Efi, felagi Gubba.
”Brandr made these monuments in memory of Gubbi, his father, and (so did) Efi, Gubbi's partner.”
”Brand gjorde dessa minnesmärken efter Gubbe, sin fader, och Eve, Gubbes kamrat (lät också resa?).”
i(o)(f)o^r-(e)s---u--a^b(k)(t) ⁓ …--m ⁓ a--(u)^ottiþit^a ⁓ ba^u---(l) : o(n)--
… … … … …
”…”
þeta : ræist ¶ rolfr : þorkis sun ¶ honom : uar : þa^| |^angar ¶ blandat : um þ^ha snæ¶huitu : snot
Þætta rest Rolfr Þorgers/Þorgisls sun, hanum was þa angr blandat um þa snehwitu snot.
Þetta reist Hrólfr Þorgeirs/Þorgísls sonr, honum var þá angr blandat um þá snæhvítu snót.
”This carved Hrólfr Þorgeirr's/Þorgísl's son, for him was then sorrow caused concerning the snow-white woman.”
+ fadi : i lynti ⁓
Fati í Lundi.
Fati i Lundi.
”Fati in Lund.”
fuþørkhninstbm
<fuþorkhniastbm[ly]>
”<fuþorkhniastbmly>”
fuþorkhniastbmlʀ
<fuþorkhniastbmlʀ>
”<fuþorkhniastbmlʀ>”
fu
<fu[þork]>
”<fuþork>”
fuþnkhi
<fuþ[or]kh[nias]>
”<fuþorkhnias>”
k(l)aþkakkþkþk
…
”…”
øssa
ossa
”bones”
---(b)(u)
…
”…”
---- ---…
… …
”…”
uþo-
<[f]uþo[rk]>
”<fuþork>”
§A tutaþorere §B æ????ra???
§A … §B …
”§A … §B …”
§A kø(e)phlu(e)(æ)lit pø §B fkøkþr- pø
§A … Pai(?)/Boi(?) §B <f[uþ]o[r]k> Pai(?)/Boi(?)
§A … Pái(?)/Búi(?) §B <f[uþ]o[r]k> Pái(?)/Búi(?)
”§A … Pái(?)/Búi(?) §B <fuþork> Pái(?)/Búi(?)”
fuþokr
<fuþork>
”<fuþork>”
§A …(k)kuuunkastitub §B knif ' melti :
§A … §B knífr mælti.
§A … §B knif mælti.
”§A … §B the knife spoke.”
…kuuunkaiii
…
”…”
…(i)(t)ønkugi : urat funti
… vrat fundi(?)/funti(?)
”… shook (the) encounter(?)/font(?)”
§A sibi : sitr : m(i)þ : asa §B fur : asau :
§A Sibbi sitr <miþ> Ása §B … …
§A Sibbi sitr <miþ> Asa §B … …
”§A Sibbi sits <miþ> Ása §B …”
uakan : luh : ¶ : fa : nu : þa
… … … … …
”…”
fuþtramʀ hnki b…
Fuðtramr hagi(?) …
Fuþtramʀ hagi(?) …
”May the cunt-demon arrange(?) …”
§A …(a)rþi- · meþ · hesti · r^øþa… §B …hki · sbata · arkr (·) …
§A … meþ hæsti røþa §B … spat(?) argʀ(?) …
§A … með hesti rauða §B … spat(?) argr(?) …
”§A … with (a) red horse §B … spavin(?) maleficent(?) …”
-ni : mma
… …
”…”
fuorkhniastbmlʀ þork(æ)l/þork(e)-/þork-- ·
<fu[þ]orkhniastbmlʀ> Þork[æll]/Þorg[nyʀ]
<fu[þ]orkhniastbmlʀ> Þork[ell]/Þorg[nýr]
”<fuþorkhniastblmʀ> Þorkell/Þorgnýr”
§A bøui a §B k^hrifil
§A Bofi a §B grefil.
§A Bófi á §B grefil.
”§A Bófi owns §B (the) stylus.”
ræþ| |þu : runær : þer : bæ : risti
Raþ þu runaʀ þæʀ Pai risti.
Ráð þú rúnar þær Pái risti.
”Interpret the runes which Pái carved.”
fuþrk(h)ai(n)s(l)
<fuþ[o]rkhniast[bmlʀ]>
”<fuþorkhniastbmlʀ>”
tinbl:bein
tenben/…ben
teinbeinn/…beinn
”twining-bone /…-bone”
ulfkil
Ulfkell.
Ulfkel.
”Ulfkell.”
bikk^a^r ¶ fa^r ueʟ/uel/uæl
Bikar. Far vel!
Bikarr. Far vel!
”Beaker. Be well!”
karm ¶ mail ¶ umail
… … …
… … …
”…”
garm ¶ -m(a)^(k)i a^l ¶ umal
Garm mæki all(?) umal.
Garmr mæki ǫll(?) ómál.
”Garmr (protect the) sword from all(?) curses(?).”
§A …--hrinsniþla^b(m)???? : li? ¶ ?? §B ?????? ?????????
§A … … … §B … …
§A … … … §B … …
”§A … §B …”
§A -- hrensliþ la^b(m)<tb(i)(a)^(u)>liᴅ ¶ þþ §B o^l^a^u/o^l^u^n o^l^a^u/o^l^u^n o^l^a^u/o^l^u^n o^l^a^u/o^l^u^n o^l^a^u/o^l^u^n o^l^a^u/o^l^u^n ????o??hu
§A … rensliþ … … §B Olaf(?)/olun(?) Olaf(?)/olun(?) Olaf(?)/olun(?) Olaf(?)/olun(?) Olaf(?)/olun(?) Olaf(?)/olun(?) …
§A … hreinslíðr … … §B Ólafr(?)/ǫlunn(?) Ólafr(?)/ǫlunn(?) Ólafr(?)/ǫlunn(?) Ólafr(?)/ǫlunn(?) Ólafr(?)/ǫlunn(?) Ólafr(?)/ǫlunn(?) …
”§A … (sword)sheath of reindeer … §B Ólafr(?)/mackerel(?) Ólafr(?)/mackerel(?) Ólafr(?)/mackerel(?) Ólafr(?)/mackerel(?) Ólafr(?)/mackerel(?) Ólafr(?)/mackerel(?) …”
ʀþrrʀbn/mþ(b)(b)mb-
…/…
”…/…”
(u)tkl · æt · æ(s)(h)
… … …
”…”
fuþorkhniaslbm-
<fuþorkhniastbm[lʀ]>
”<fuþorkhniastbmlʀ>”
fuþorkh
<fuþorkh[nias]>
”<fuþorkhnias>”
fuþ
<fuþ[ork]>
”<fuþork>”
§A mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm §B fuþ mmmmm(m)
§A … §B <fuþ[ork]>(?) …
”§A … §B <fuþork>(?) …”
i · fuþ ·
… <fuþ[ork]>
”… <fuþork>”
o^la^uus mæ pos(i)
Olavus me possi[det].
”Olavus owns me.”
ufþ
<fuþ[ork]>(?)
”<fuþork>(?)”
auarþ þt
Hávarðr(?) …
Havarþ(?) …
”Hávarðr(?) …”
+ fuþorkhniastbmlʀ ⁓
<fuþorkhniastbmly>
”<fuþorkhniastbmly>”
§A -- fuþorkhnias §B niastbmlʀ
§A … <fuþorkhnias> §B <[h]niastbmly>
”§A … <fuþorkhnias> §B <hniastbmly>”
-tl(i)-u
…
”…”
knif bar i
Knif bar i.
Knífr bar í.
”The knife conveyed/went to attack/brought on?”
knif bari
Knif <bari>.
Kníf <bari>.
”Knife <bari>.”
§A … §B …
§A … §B …
”§A … §B …”
bl(s)sah(e)nr
…
”…”
kuþ anan
Guð …
Guð …
”God …”
kuþa nan
Gyða …
Gyða …
”Gyða …”
kuþan an
goðan …
góðan …
”good …”
…(l)ui : reist : runer : þesar : at : k…
…vi/…vé reist rúnar þessar at K…/G…
…vi/…ve ræist runaʀ þessaʀ at K…/G…
”…-vi/…-vé carved these runes for K-…/G-…”
(u)-- : (u)oasan : iar : lifar : kati : bau-s : (k)--…
… … … … … … …
”…”
+ (s)han +
…
”…”
+ lkeuo…(n)eþsifilu{H}
…
”…”
rikæ ×
Riki(?)
Ríki(?)
”Ríki(?)”
m--(s)(-)(-)
…
”…”
… a mik
… a mik
… á mik
”… owns me”
?????
…
”…”
§A bøndi × ris×ti × mal×runu §B araʀ × ara × æru × fiaþraʀ (×)
§A Bondi risti malrunu, §B arar ara æru fiaþrar.
§A Bóndi risti málrúnu, §B árar ara eru fjaðrar.
”§A Bóndi carved runes of speech, §B eagle's oars are the feathers.”
”Bonde ristade målrunor. Örnens åror är fjädrar.”
ia^ko^b
Iakob.
Jakob.
”Jakob.”
l(i)-(l)a(t)(i)sartam(a)l(u)(k)i(k)koi--/---l-(i)-(u)artam-l---koi-- ¶ bariumfut(g)(æ)t(a)^um/bariumkutgæta^um
… …
”…”